Nomonalisation

CBSE Class 10 English Workbook Solutions Unit 10 Nominalisation

Look at these sentences?

• The school has decided to set up a student panchayat in school. It has created a lot of excitement among the students
• The decision of the school to set up a student panchayat has created a lot of excitement among the students
• In sentence (b) what happened to the verb decided ? Write your answer below

Answer: The verb decided has changed into its noun form decision. This is one example of a verb changing into a noun. This is called nominalisation

Verbs into nouns :
Complete the following chart by filling in the blanks with either the verb or the noun forms. One example has been done for you?

VERBS	NOUNS	VERBS	NOUNS
1. recognise	recognition	7. enable	ability
2. illustrate	illustration	8. describe	descriptio
3. reduce	reduction	9. observe	observation
4. remove	removal	10. compel	compulsion
5. arrange	arrangement	11. break	breakage
6. attend	attention	12. explore	exploration

Question2.
What are the people trying to say ? Study the first example and then complete the rest of the sentences using the same pattern?

• They are protesting against cutting down of trees _______________
• They are demanding _______________
• The boss insists on everyone _______________
• They are worried about _______________
• The women are demanding safer _______________
• They want the Government to put a ban on _______________

Answers:

• the reduction of working hours
• reporting to office on time
• the loss of their jobs
• work atmosphere
• poaching animals

Question3.
Combine the following sentences by nominalising the first verb. The first sentence has been done as an example?

• Trees were planted along road sides. This made the surroundings look greener. Planting of trees along the road sides made the surroundings look greener.
• The bomb exploded. This shattered the window panes. The window panes were shattered due to __________
• The committee must approve our plan. We cannot launch our project till then. We __________ till we get the __________ of the committee for our plan
• There has been a rise in crime rate in the last two years. The police are very concerned. The police __________ about the __________ years
• Thousands of people participated in the charity walk. This helped Cancer Aid Society to raise funds for treatment of cancer patients. __________ helped Cancer Aid Society raise funds for treatment of cancer patients.
• The number of young people consuming drugs is growing. This has become an issue of social concern. __________ by a growing __________ concern.
• The eye witness described the accident scene vividly. This helped the police find the culprit The vivid
• Vinod presented his project very effectively. He was able to bag the multimillion dollar order. Vinods effective __________ helped him __________
• Mandela had spearheaded the fight against apartheid. He was convicted for this. Mandela was convicted for __________
• He committed a series of cold blooded murders. He was awarded the death penalty. He was __________

Answers:

• the explosion of the bomb
• cannot launch our project, approval
• are very concerned, rise in crime rate in the last two
• he participation of thousands of people in the charity walk
• The consumption of drugs, number of young people has become an issue of social
• description of the accident scene vividly by the eye witness helped the police find the culprit
• presentation of his project, to bag multimillion dollar order
• spearheading the fight against apartheid
• awarded the death penalty for committing a series of cold blooded murders

Question4.
Read the following extract from a Newspaper. Recovery of ancient ship An ancient ship, over 500 years old, has been recovered off the coast of Kerala. Salvage experts say .... Given below are some extracts from Newspapers. Underline the most important verb. Then use the noun form of that verb to create a headline, as shown above?

• 1. Four more new escalators have been installed in the new Mall. People are very happy. _________________________________________________________
• 2. The outstanding contribution to Indian film making by Ranjit Ray was recognized tonight by the Bombay Film Institute. _________________________________________________________
• 3. The Government has decided to set up a night safari at Noida. This will make this city very popular as more and more tourists _________________________________________________________
• 4. His lost brother suddenly appeared after five years. This solved one of the greatest mysteries. _________________________________________________________
• 5. Professors are protesting pay cuts at the university. Students suffer as professors stay _________________________________________________________

Answers:

• Installation of the new escalators in the new mall
• Recognition of ranjit rays contribution to indian film making
• Decision to set up a night safari at noida
• Sudden appearance after five years of a lost brother
• Protest by professors against pay cuts

Question5.
Fill in the blanks with the noun forms of the verbs given in brackets?

• Hema : Recently I read an article about the ________ (improve) taking place in the health services
• Neena : When people get proper health care, it is bound to increase their life ________ (expect)
• Hema : Of course doctors have to show greater ________ (dedicate) to their profession, particularly by ________ (bestow) greater ________ (attend) on the rural areas
• Neena : I agree. But, at the same time the government should also make adequate ________ (provide) for decent living conditions for the doctors serving in villages
• Hema : Besides sending doctors to rural areas, steps should be taken for the ________ (supply) of standard drugs to primary health centres. ________ (contaminate) of intravenous fluids and even vaccines due to non ________ (available) of ________ (refrigerate) facilities continues to pose a severe threat to people
• Neena : Besides health, we should also address the needs of people in ________ (educate) and ________ (employ). Only then can we achieve substantial ________ (develop) of the human resource

Answer: improvement expectancy dedication, bestowing, attention provision supply, Contamination, availability, refrigeration education, employment, development

Now write five sentences about the jobs you like doing or do not like doing

• I like to study hard
• I like to serve people
• I do not like to take orders
• I do not like to waste time.
• I do not like to befool anybody

B. Adjectives into Nouns :

Question 1.
He was honest. The Principal commended him at the assembly?

Answer: The Principal commended his honesty at the assembly

Question 2.
Rajesh is a very amiable person. It has endeared him to his colleagues?

Answer: Rajeshs amiability has endeared him to his colleagues

Question 3.
The actor was famous. It got him many endorsements?

Answer: The actors fame got him many endorsements

Question 4.
The young businessman was extravagant. It led to his downfall?

Answer: The extravagance of the young businessman led to his downfall

Question 5.
James was silent during the enquiry. It did not help the police in bringing the culprit to book?

Answer: Jamess silence during the enquiry did not help the police in bringing the culprit to book.

QuestionB.2.
Fill in the blanks in the table below. Then check your answers in a dictionary?

ADJECTIVES	NOUNS	ADJECTIVES	NOUNS
beautiful	beauty	Fit	fitness
clean	cleanliness	high	height
neat	neatness	frequent	frequency
arrogant	arrogance	proud	pride
intelligent	intelligence	anxious	anxiety

QuestionB.3.
Admirable qualities : What type of people do you like most? In the box below there are some suggestions about different types of people. Discuss with your partner and tell him at least five qualities that you like and five that you do not like. You may add more words to the list given below. Now share your suggestions with the rest of the class. Your teacher will build up a list of qualities (adjectives) on the blackboard. Add them to the adjectives above and classify them under two columns, namely desirable and undesirable?

Answers:

Desirable	Undesirable
1. Honesty	1. Extravagant
2. Smart	2. Ruthless
3. Intelligent	3. Stubborn
4. Compassionate	4. Miserly
5. Witty	5. Irresponsible
6. Sincere	6. Reserved
7. Lively	7. Crafty
8. Generous	8. Shy
9. Handsome	9. Talkative
10. Patient	10. Arrogant

QuestionB.4.
Lets Play a Guessing game : Work in pairs: Study the pictures given below. Partner A can think of any one of the personalities and describe the qualities for which he admires him/her. Partner B must guess the person being described. You may give a maximum of three clues in three chances to guess the answer correctly. You may carry on the game with other famous personalities of your choice Example : He is a national leader. I admire him for his vision, statesmanship and intelligence. Who is he ?

Answer: Is he Jawaharlal Nehru ? (Note : Even though someone is dead, we can still use the present tense when we talk about the qualities we admire) The people in the pictures are

• Mahatma Gandhi
• Mother Teresa
• Amitabh Bachchan
• Charlie Chaplin
• Einstein
• Sachin Tendulkar
• Leander Paes
• Jawahar Lai Nehru
• Nelson Mandela
• Abdul Kalam
• Saina Nehwal
• Aung San Suu Kyi

Qualities

Mahatma Gandhi : Patriot, saintly statesman, known for his emphasis on non - violence

Mother Teresa : Came to India from a foreign land (Czechoslovakia); rendered great service to the poor in India ; established Nirmal Hridaya organization

Amitabh Bachchan : A great actor of Hindi films, wife and son are also in the films ; son of a great Hindi poet

Charlie Chaplin : The best known actor of English humour films ; was popular in India too. Indian film actor Raj Kapoor was his fan

Einstein : The best known scientist of the 20th century ; theory of relativity ; a Jew

Sachin Tendulkar : By far the most famous Indian cricketer ; set new records, member of the world cup winning team of 2011

Leander Paes : Indian Tennis player ; of international fame ; often paired with Bhupati

Jawahar Lai Nehru : Given in the question above

. Nelson Mandela : First black President of South Africa. He and UN were co-recipients of 2001 Nobel peace prize

Abdul Kalam : Scientist; missile man ; ex-president of India

Saina Nehwal : Indian Khel Ratna awardee ; Badminton player, currently no. 3 in the world ; First Indian woman to reach single quarter final at the Olympics

Aung San Suu Kyi : Pro-democracy leader in Myanmar. Leader of Opposition

C. Nominalisation using -ing form

QuestionC. 1
Look at these signs/notices used in different parts of the world. Guess what they mean. Write your answers by using a word with an ing form. One example has been done for you?

Answer:

QuestionC.2.
Now use your imagination and draw two of your own signs. Show them to your partner and ask him to guess what they mean. He must give answers using the ing form?

Answer:

QuestionC.3.
Read the list of activities given below: On an average which activity, according to you, uses the most energy. Order the activities from those that use most energy to the least. When you have finished, discuss the order with your partner using the ing form eg ?

Answer:

Activity	Order
cycling	climbing with back pack
climbing with back pack	swimming fast
jogging	playing tennis
sweeping	jogging
brisk walking	brisk walking
playing tennis	cycling
swimming fast	playing cricket
playing cricket	watching television

QuestionC.4.
Sentence reordering: Reorder the following words and phrases to make meaningful sentences?

• the/ polluting/ sponge iron industry/ is a heavily/ industry
• of the match/ the umpires/ very good/ was/ handling
• bad manners/ interrupting/ when he is/ someone/ talking/ is
• acting/ one and all/ his/ by/ was praised
• she/ has decided/ is so obsessed/ not to join/ with dancing/ that she/ any college
• to live/ in peace/ forgiving/ of others/ and forgetting/ best way/ is the/ the wrongs
• accolades/ Sachins/ batting/ one and all/ has won him/ from
• playing havoc with/ allowing the/ to continue operations/ polluting industries/ in the cities/ the health of the citizens/ will mean.
• news of rigging/ the world of science/ of climate change/ took/ by storm/ the
• only by ensuring that/ strengthen/ an ordinary mans voice is heard/ can we/ the processes of democracy

Answers:

• The sponge iron industry is a heavily polluting industry
• The umpires handling of the match was very good
• Interrupting someone when he is talking is bad manners
• His acting was praised by one and all
• She is so obsessed with dancing that she has decided not to join any college
• Best way to live in peace is the forgiving of others and forgetting the wrongs
• Sachins batting has won him accolades from one and all
• Allowing the polluting industries to continue operations in the cities will mean playing havoc with the health of the citizens
• The news of rigging of climate change took the world of science by storm
• Can we strengthen the processes of democracy only by ensuring that an ordinary mans voice is heard

D. Nominalisation - Summary

QuestionD.1.
Read this article about a person who is head of a big multinational company. Replace the underlined words with a noun form using ing after a conjunction or preposition. One example has been done for you. After graduating from The Janta College of Commerce, Amtul studied Business Administration. Today Amtul is a successful entrepreneur and heading (and head of) one of the biggest chain stores. Her life story is simple?

Answer: After completing her school, Amtul joined the Janta College for Commerce. She applied for a course in Business Management with the Bright Scholars Business College where she was admitted after clearing the entrance exam. Amtul left the college but did not take the exams. She decided to see the world before setting up her home. She spent the next five years travelling to different countries and took up small assignments to sustain her living. She thought about her career seriously while she worked in a home store in America. After returning to her country, Amtul purchased a small store called Your Store. The store soon became popular. After Amtul set up a chain of stores, many people applied for franchise with her. She has proved that womanhood is no barrier to success in a mans world

QuestionD.2.
Complete the following sentences by filling the blanks with a word/words from the box. resolutions, applause, devotion, burning of fossil fuels, probation?

• The is harmful for the environment
• Sachins magnificent batting drew a lusty from the spectators
• It is to work which motivates one to do different things
• I am guilty of making each new year which I let go easily
• Mahatama Gandhi served on for a period of one year before becoming the member of the Servants of India Society.

Answers:

• burning of fossil fuels
• applause
• devotion
• resolutions
• probation

QuestionD.3.
Complete the following paragraph by filling in the blanks with the most appropriate words given?

• Scientists all over the world are trying to invent newer ways for (1) __________ of energy without harming the environment. In Netherlands a team of scientists is researching into
• (2) __________ the waters of the North Sea to generate enough energy for thousands of homes. The experiment involves
• (3) __________ a battery, using salt and fresh water streams and channelizing them over stacks of membranes. The salt water contains positively charged sodium ions and negatively charged chloride ions. Electrodes were set up to create a battery which would generate power. Through this research the Dutch are aiming at setting up a 200 mW power plant which will generate enough power to cater for three provinces. Blue Water energy will be 30-40% more efficient than burning coal. It is also
• (4) __________ and
• (5) __________. Scientists in other parts of the world are also busy finding ways and means to generate energy. The
• (6) __________ of a childhood pastime of flying kites gave the senior scientists of Delhi University a brilliant idea. They felt that this simple childhood game could be used to provide some kind of breakthrough. By
• (7) __________ a few kites tethered to a generator, this team realized that they could produce 10 KW of power. This was sufficient to power 10 family homes. The researchers now plan to carry this
• (8) __________ further. Using multiple kites, they plan to generate 50 KW of power. They call this invention, Laddermill<./li>

Answers:

• generation
• tapping
• making
• renewable
• sustainable
• observation
• flying
• invention

CBSE Class 10 English Workbook Solutions Integrated Grammar Practice 5

Question 1.
Given below is a dialogue between Punit and Jai. Complete the dialogue by choosing the correct options?

• Punit : Jai !(a) _______________
• Jai : Dont you know ? (b) _______________ due to cardiac arrest
• Punit : Oh no (c) _______________. How did this happen
• Jai : I dont know what happened. But Amit (d) _______________ and was immediately rushed to the hospital
• Punit : : Oh I am shocked. What did the doctors say
Jai : They (e) _______________
• Why there is such a large crowd outside Mithus house
• Why is there such a large crowd outside Mithus house
• Why such a large crowd is there outside Mithus house
• Why such a large crowd there is outside Mithus house
• Mithus father is passed away last night
• ithus father was pass away last night
• Mithus father is passing off last night
• Mithus father passed away last night
• I am sorry for hearing this
• I am sorry to be hearing of this
• I am sorry for that
• I am sorry to hear this
• was saying that he is tainting
• is saying that he was fainting
• said that he fainted
• said that he has fainted
• arr trying their best but they cannot be saving him
• are trying their best but they could not save him
• wers trying their best but they cannot saved him
• tried their best but they could not save him

Answers:

• Why is there such a large crowd outside Mithus house
• Mithus father passed away last night
• I am sorry to hear this
• said that he fainted
• tried their best but they could not save him

Question 2.
Complete the passage by choosing the correct options from those given below?

• The idiot box is (a) ________ pushing the bookshelf out of the
• (b) ________even in regions that have a high literacy rate and a long tradition of libraries. According to the findings of a sample survey
• (c) ________ average Keralite now spends 90 minutes
• (d) ________ cable television and 80 minutes reading books. However, TV is not the only culprit; the survey,
• (e) ________ by the Kerala Library Council to mark the 50th anniversary of the library movement in the state
• (f) ________ that lack of interest and high price of books
• (g) ________ equally responsible for people running away from serious reading
• increasing
• increasingly
• increased
• to increase
• home
• house
• houses
• homes
• a
• an
• the
• by
• watches
• watched
• is watching
• watching
• was conducted
• conduct
• conducted
• being conducted
• indicates
• is indicated
• indicating
• indicated
• is
• are
• was
• were

Answers:

• increasingly
• houses
• an
• watching
• conducted
• indicates
• are

Question 3.
The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each of the lines indicated. Write the incorrect word and the correction in the space provided as shown?

Answers:

Question 4.
Given below are instructions for making soup. Use these to complete the paragraph that follows?

• Mix the soup powder with 750 ml of water without allowing it to form lumps
• Pour the mixture into a heavy-bottomed vessel
• Bring it to a boil, stirring continuously
• Simmer the soup for five minutes
• Pour the soup into four soup bowls and serve garnished with fried croutons
• The packet is opened and the contents (a) ________ with 750 ml of water, without allowing it to form lumps. The mixture
• (b) ________ into a heavy-bottomed vessel. It
• (c) ________ continuously and
• (d) ________ to a boil. Then the soup
• (e) ________ on a slow flame for five minutes. Finally before the soup
• (f) ________ , it
• (g) ________ into soup bowls and
• (h) ________ with fried croutons

Answers:

• are mixed
• is poured
• is stirred
• is brought
• is simmered
• is served
• is poured
• garnished

Question 5.
Look at the words and phrases below. Rearrange them to form meaningful sentences. The first one has been done as an example. And a very/ the king/ named Acanthus/ talented sculptor/ Pygmalion was/ of Cyprus/ of a village. Pygmalion was the king of Cyprus and a very talented sculptor of a village named Acanthus?

• had finished/ he smiled/ when he/ the ivory statue/ of a beautiful woman/ one day
• smile/ at having found/ it was/ the innocent/ new and unique/ of a child/ something
• by the beauty/ that/ to worship it/ he was/ falling down/ he felt like/ so impressed/ on his knees/ of the statue
• that he/ a masterpiece/ and called/ he realized/ this beauty,/ had created/ Galatea
• was a devoted/ to the goddess/ he prayed/ to breathe life/ into it/ of Aphrodite,/ since he/ follower
• to life and/ married her/ after the goddess/ his wish,/ Pygmalion/ Galatea came/ granted him

Answer:

• One day when he had finished the ivory statue of a beautiful woman, he smiled
• It was the innocent smile of a child at having found something new and unique
• He was so impressed by the beauty of the statue that he felt like falling down on his knees to worship it
• He realized that he had created a masterpiece and called this beauty Galatea
• Since he was a devoted follower of Aphrodite, he prayed to the goddess to breathe life into it
• After the goddess granted him his wish, Galatea came to life and Pygmalion married her

Question 6.
In the passage given below, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word that comes before and the word that comes after it in your answer sheet against the correct blank number. Ensure that the word that forms your answer is underlined?

Answers:

• Wright and Fleming found out that treatment - (a) that th treatment being used was doing harm than good. Each -
• (b) doing more harm of the chemical antiseptics more harmful to -
• (c) antiseptics was more the leucocytes than to the germs ; and some cases -
• (d) and in some the antiseptic actually facilitated multiplication germs. -
• (e) multiplication of germs Wright and Fleming insisted that the surgeons aim be -
• (f) aim. should be not much to kill the germs as to help the -
• (g) not so much leucocytes to do natural germs-killing work. -
• (h) do the natural